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Plot y versus x as lines and/or markers.

Call signatures:

The coordinates of the points or line nodes are given by x, y.

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The optional parameter fmt is a convenient way for defining basicformatting like color, marker and linestyle. It's a shortcut stringnotation described in the Notes section below.

You can use Line2D properties as keyword arguments for morecontrol on the appearance. Line properties and fmt can be mixed.The following two calls yield identical results:

When conflicting with fmt, keyword arguments take precedence.

Plotting labelled data

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There's a convenient way for plotting objects with labelled data (i.e.data that can be accessed by index obj['y']). Instead of givingthe data in x and y, you can provide the object in the dataparameter and just give the labels for x and y:

All indexable objects are supported. This could e.g. be a dict, apandas.DataFrame or a structured numpy array.

Plotting multiple sets of data

There are various ways to plot multiple sets of data.

  • The most straight forward way is just to call plot multiple times.Example:

  • If x and/or y are 2D arrays a separate data set will be drawnfor every column. If both x and y are 2D, they must have thesame shape. If only one of them is 2D with shape (N, m) the othermust have length N and will be used for every data set m.

    Example:

    is equivalent to:

  • The third way is to specify multiple sets of [x], y, [fmt]groups:

    In this case, any additional keyword argument applies to alldatasets. Also this syntax cannot be combined with the dataparameter.

By default, each line is assigned a different style specified by a'style cycle'. The fmt and line property parameters are onlynecessary if you want explicit deviations from these defaults.Alternatively, you can also change the style cycle usingrcParams['axes.prop_cycle'] (default: cycler('color',['#1f77b4','#ff7f0e','#2ca02c','#d62728','#9467bd','#8c564b','#e377c2','#7f7f7f','#bcbd22','#17becf'])).

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Parameters:
x, yarray-like or scalar

The horizontal / vertical coordinates of the data points.x values are optional and default to range(len(y)).

Commonly, these parameters are 1D arrays.

They can also be scalars, or two-dimensional (in that case, thecolumns represent separate data sets).

These arguments cannot be passed as keywords.

fmtstr, optional

A format string, e.g. 'ro' for red circles. See the Notessection for a full description of the format strings.

Format strings are just an abbreviation for quickly settingbasic line properties. All of these and more can also becontrolled by keyword arguments.

This argument cannot be passed as keyword.

dataindexable object, optional

An object with labelled data. If given, provide the label names toplot in x and y.

Note

Technically there's a slight ambiguity in calls where thesecond label is a valid fmt. plot('n','o',data=obj)could be plt(x,y) or plt(y,fmt). In such cases,the former interpretation is chosen, but a warning is issued.You may suppress the warning by adding an empty format stringplot('n','o',',data=obj).

Returns:
list of Line2D

A list of lines representing the plotted data.

Other Parameters:
scalex, scaleybool, default: True

These parameters determine if the view limits are adapted to thedata limits. The values are passed on to autoscale_view.

**kwargsLine2D properties, optional

kwargs are used to specify properties like a line label (forauto legends), linewidth, antialiasing, marker face color.Example:

If you specify multiple lines with one plot call, the kwargs applyto all those lines. In case the label object is iterable, eachelement is used as labels for each set of data.

Here is a list of available Line2D properties:

PropertyDescription
agg_filtera filter function, which takes a (m, n, 3) float array and a dpi value, and returns a (m, n, 3) array
alphascalar or None
animatedbool
antialiased or aabool
clip_boxBbox
clip_onbool
clip_pathPatch or (Path, Transform) or None
color or ccolor
containsunknown
dash_capstyleCapStyle or {'butt', 'projecting', 'round'}
dash_joinstyleJoinStyle or {'miter', 'round', 'bevel'}
dashessequence of floats (on/off ink in points) or (None, None)
data(2, N) array or two 1D arrays
drawstyle or ds{'default', 'steps', 'steps-pre', 'steps-mid', 'steps-post'}, default: 'default'
figureFigure
fillstyle{'full', 'left', 'right', 'bottom', 'top', 'none'}
gidstr
in_layoutbool
labelobject
linestyle or ls{'-', '--', '-.', ':', ', (offset, on-off-seq), ...}
linewidth or lwfloat
markermarker style string, Path or MarkerStyle
markeredgecolor or meccolor
markeredgewidth or mewfloat
markerfacecolor or mfccolor
markerfacecoloralt or mfcaltcolor
markersize or msfloat
markeveryNone or int or (int, int) or slice or list[int] or float or (float, float) or list[bool]
path_effectsAbstractPathEffect
pickerfloat or callable[[Artist, Event], tuple[bool, dict]]
pickradiusfloat
rasterizedbool
sketch_params(scale: float, length: float, randomness: float)
snapbool or None
solid_capstyleCapStyle or {'butt', 'projecting', 'round'}
solid_joinstyleJoinStyle or {'miter', 'round', 'bevel'}
transformTransform
urlstr
visiblebool
xdata1D array
ydata1D array
zorderfloat

See also

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scatter
XY scatter plot with markers of varying size and/or color ( sometimes also called bubble chart).

Notes

Format Strings

A format string consists of a part for color, marker and line:

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Each of them is optional. If not provided, the value from the stylecycle is used. Exception: If line is given, but no marker,the data will be a line without markers.

Other combinations such as [color][marker][line] are alsosupported, but note that their parsing may be ambiguous.

Markers

characterdescription
'.'point marker
','pixel marker
'o'circle marker
'v'triangle_down marker
'^'triangle_up marker
'<'triangle_left marker
'>'triangle_right marker
'1'tri_down marker
'2'tri_up marker
'3'tri_left marker
'4'tri_right marker
'8'octagon marker
's'square marker
'p'pentagon marker
'P'plus (filled) marker
'*'star marker
'h'hexagon1 marker
'H'hexagon2 marker
'+'plus marker
'x'x marker
'X'x (filled) marker
'D'diamond marker
'd'thin_diamond marker
'|'vline marker
'_'hline marker

Line Styles

characterdescription
'-'solid line style
'--'dashed line style
'-.'dash-dot line style
':'dotted line style

Example format strings:

Colors

The supported color abbreviations are the single letter codes

charactercolor
'b'blue
'g'green
'r'red
'c'cyan
'm'magenta
'y'yellow
'k'black
'w'white

and the 'CN' colors that index into the default property cycle.

If the color is the only part of the format string, you canadditionally use any matplotlib.colors spec, e.g. full names('green') or hex strings ('#008000').





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